Combining coverage of XSLT 2.0 and XPath 2.0 into one book, this authoritative reference provides equal weight to the powerful new features of XSLT 2.0 and XPath 2.0 and the established capabilities of the 1.0 versions. Author Michael Kay has created his own implementation of XSLT 2.0 (Saxon), and he puts his unique knowledge to work in this detailed reference to the elements of the XSLT 2.0 language and the fundamentals of XPath, complete with syntax, practical usage advice, and examples. The book begins by teaching the essential concepts behind the language, knowledge you need if you are going to write good code rather than just working code. You will discover how XSLT and XPath differ from other languages, and how you use them to create effective web-based applications. The central chapters provide meticulous coverage of the language features of XSLT 2.0 and XPath 2.0. You will return to this reference whenever you encounter new programming challenges. You finish with detailed case studies highlighting real applications to give you insights you would otherwise gain only from months of practical experience. What you will learn from this book All the XSLT elements you can use in a stylesheet and the detailed rules for the syntax and semantics of each How Path expressions enable you to navigate around the structure of an XML document How you can improve your stylesheets by taking advantage of the XML Schema definitions of input and output documents How to take advantage of vendor extensions without losing portability Techniques for taking advantage of XSLT to write real applications Who this book is for This book is for experienced programmers who are looking to become proficient with XSLT 2.0. Previous experience with XSLT or XPath is not necessary. However, a working knowledge of XML, HTML, and web architecture is beneficial. Wrox Programmer's References are designed to give the experienced developer straight facts on a new technology, without hype or unnecessary explanations. They deliver hard information with plenty of practical examples to help you apply new tools to your development projects today. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

Table of Contents:
Introduction xxix List of Examples xxxix Part I: Foundations Chapter 1: XSLT in Context 3 What Is XSLT? 3 How Does XSLT Transform XML? 7 The Place of XSLT in the XML Family 21 The History of XSL 26 XSLT 2.0 as a Language 33 Summary 40 Chapter 2: The XSLT Processing Model 41 XSLT: A System Overview 41 The XDM Tree Model 45 The Transformation Process 67 Error Handling 80 Variables and Expressions 80 Summary 88 Chapter 3: Stylesheet Structure 89 Changes in XSLT 2.0 90 The Modular Structure of a Stylesheet 90 The Element 98 The Processing Instruction 99 Embedded Stylesheets 102 Declarations 104 Instructions 108 Simplified Stylesheets 125 Writing Portable Stylesheets 127 Whitespace 141 Summary 148 Chapter 4: Stylesheets and Schemas 151 XML Schema: An Overview 151 Declaring Types in XSLT 161 Validating the Source Document 165 Validating the Result Document 170 Validating a Temporary Document 174 Validating Individual Elements 176 Validating Individual Attributes 179 The default-validation Attribute 180 Importing Schemas 180 Using xsi:type 181 Nillability 182 Summary 183 Chapter 5: Types 185 What Is a Type System? 185 Changes in 2.0 186 Sequences 187 Atomic Values 189 Atomic Types 191 Schema Types and XPath Types 217 The Type Matching Rules 219 Static and Dynamic Type Checking 221 Summary 224 Part II: XSLT and XPath Reference Chapter 6: XSLT Elements 227 xsl:analyze-string 230 xsl:apply-imports 237 xsl:apply-templates 240 xsl:attribute 254 xsl:attribute-set 266 xsl:call-template 271 xsl:character-map 280 xsl:choose 282 xsl:comment 285 xsl:copy 287 xsl:copy-of 292 xsl:decimal-format 298 xsl:document 303 xsl:element 306 xsl:fallback 316 xsl:for-each 322 xsl:for-each-group 326 xsl:function 344 xsl:if 353 xsl:import 357 xsl:import-schema 368 xsl:include 372 xsl:key 376 xsl:matching-substring 386 xsl:message 386 xsl:namespace 390 xsl:namespace-alias 394 xsl:next-match 399 xsl:non-matching-substring 402 xsl:number 403 xsl:otherwise 420 xsl:output 420 xsl:output-character 424 xsl:param 425 xsl:perform-sort 437 xsl:preserve-space 439 xsl:processing-instruction 442 xsl:result-document 445 xsl:sequence 452 xsl:sort 455 xsl:strip-space 465 xsl:stylesheet 465 xsl:template 483 xsl:text 492 xsl:transform 495 xsl:value-of 495 xsl:variable 500 xsl:when 515 xsl:with-param 517 Summary 519 Chapter 7: XPath Fundamentals 521 Notation 522 Where to Start 523 Expressions 524 Lexical Constructs 527 Primary Expressions 539 Variable References 540 Parenthesized Expressions 542 Context Item Expressions 543 Function Calls 544 Conditional Expressions 551 The XPath Evaluation Context 553 Summary 568 Chapter 8: XPath: Operators on Items 571 Arithmetic Operators 571 Value Comparisons 581 General Comparisons 588 Node Comparisons 593 Boolean Expressions 594 Summary 596 Chapter 9: XPath: Path Expressions 599 Examples of Path Expressions 600 Changes in XPath 2.0 601 Document Order and Duplicates 602 The Binary «⁄» Operator 602 Axis Steps 606 Rooted Path Expressions 625 The «⁄⁄» Abbreviation 626 Combining Sets of Nodes 628 Summary 632 Chapter 10: XPath: Sequence Expressions 633 The Comma Operator 634 Numeric Ranges: The «to» Operator 636 Filter Expressions 638 The «for» Expression 640 Simple Mapping Expressions 644 The «some» and «every» Expressions 646 Summary 651 Chapter 11: XPath: Type Expressions 653 Converting Atomic Values 654 Sequence Type Descriptors 668 The «instance of» Operator 677 The «treatas» Operator 678 Summary 680 Chapter 12: XSLT Patterns 681 Patterns and Expressions 681 Changes in XSLT 2.0 682 The Formal Definition 683 An Informal Definition 685 Conflict Resolution 686 Matching Parentless Nodes 688 The Syntax of Patterns 689 Summary 708 Chapter 13: The Function Library 709 A Word about Naming 710 Functions by Category 710 Notation 712 Code Samples 714 Function Definitions 714 Summary 913 Chapter 14: Regular Expressions 915 Branches and Pieces 916 Quantifiers 916 Atoms 917 Subexpressions 918 Back-References 918 Character Groups 919 Character Ranges 919 Character Class Escapes 920 Character Blocks 922 Character Categories 924 Flags 925 Disallowed Constructs 927 Summary 927 Chapter 15: Serialization 929 The XML Output Method 929 The HTML Output Method 936 The XHTML Output Method 939 The Text Output Method 940 Using the declaration 940 Character Maps 941 Disable Output Escaping 945 Summary 949 Part III: Exploitation Chapter 16: Extensibility 953 What Vendor Extensions Are Allowed? 954 Extension Functions 955 Keeping Extensions Portable 970 Summary 971 Chapter 17: Stylesheet Design Patterns 973 Fill-in-the-Blanks Stylesheets 973 Navigational Stylesheets 976 Rule-Based Stylesheets 980 Computational Stylesheets 985 Summary 1000 Chapter 18: Case Study: XMLSpec 1001 Formatting the XML Specification 1002 Preface 1004 Creating the HTML Outline 1008 Formatting the Document Header 1012 Creating the Table of Contents 1019 Creating Section Headers 1023 Formatting the Text 1024 Producing Lists 1028 Making Cross-References 1029 Setting Out the Production Rules 1033 Overlay Stylesheets 1041 Stylesheets for Other Specifications 1044 Summary 1047 Chapter 19: Case Study: A Family Tree 1049 Modeling a Family Tree 1050 Creating a Data File 1058 Displaying the Family Tree Data 1072 Summary 1098 Chapter 20: Case Study: Knight’s Tour 1099 The Problem 1099 The Algorithm 1100 Placing the Knight 1104 Displaying the Final Board 1105 Finding the Route 1106 Running the Stylesheet 1112 Observations 1112 Summary 1113 Part IV: Appendices Appendix A: XPath 2.0 Syntax Summary 1117 Whitespace and Comments 1118 Tokens 1118 Syntax Productions 1119 Operator Precedence 1122 Appendix B: Error Codes 1123 Functions and Operators (FO) 1124 XPath Errors (XP) 1126 XSLT Errors (XT) 1127 Appendix C: Backward Compatibility 1139 Stage 1: Backward-compatibility Mode 1140 Stage 2: Setting version=‘‘2.0’’ 1142 Stage 3: Adding a Schema 1145 Summary 1145 Appendix D: Microsoft XSLT Processors 1147 MSXML 1147 System.Xml 1158 Summary 1161 Appendix E: JAXP: The Java API for Transformation 1163 The JAXP Parser API 1164 The JAXP Transformation API 1169 Examples of JAXP Transformations 1187 Summary 1193 Appendix F: Saxon 1195 Using Saxon from the Command Line 1196 Using Saxon from a Java Application 1199 Using Saxon from a .NET Application 1203 Saxon Tree Models 1205 Extensibility 1205 Collations 1207 Extensions 1208 The evaluate() Extension 1210 Summary 1214 Appendix G: Altova 1215 Running from within XMLSpy 1215 Conformance 1216 Extensions and Extensibility 1217 The Command Line Interface 1217 Using the API 1218 Summary 1220 Appendix H: Glossary 1221 Index 1233